In the past few years the globe has experienced significant changes. Placing ‘e’ in front of any process or function seems to be the magical prescription for never ending story of success. This massive change makes existence of e-Commerce. It is the internet based commerce system that offers electronic buying and selling. It is the most important application of the technology. It reduces the transaction costs allied with purchasing. It enhances the global market. It also reduces the time spend on shopping. Commerce means mere buying and selling without using any technical aid. In spite of all the above qualities of e-Commerce, the traditional commerce in India does not loosen its roots in the market. Customers use both the type of commerce according to their convenience. But a question arises in the mind that between both the methods of purchasing which one is more trusted by majority of customers. So, for knowing customer’s trust in both the type of commerce, this research i.e. “A Comparative study of e-Commerce and Commerce with reference to Customer’s Trust” helps and delivers the information of current market scenario about the same.

This paper provides an overview of theory on the human benefits beyond energy saving of building design. Identified human benefits include improved health outcomes, psychological well being, reduced stress, improved cognitive performance, and improved work, and life satisfaction. While many building variables affect these outcomes, there is growing evidence that the high impact design features are connection to nature, incorporation of daylight and sunlight in buildings, sensory change and variability, and improved personal control over ambient conditions. Many stakeholders move to the conservation beyond energy saving and look at impact on the people and society.

Improvement on reservoir description technique is one of the emerging challenges for geoscientist and engineers in a bid to reduce the amount of hydrocarbon left behind pipe. Key to improved reservoir description and efficient hydrocarbon exploitation involve understanding complex variations in pore geometry within different lithofacies. This variation in pore geometrical attributes, provided by core data information on various depositional and diagenetic controls defines the existence of distinct zone (hydraulic units) with similar fluid flow characteristics. Classic description of reservoir rock has been based on subjective geological observations and on empirical porosity-permeability relationships. However, it has been observed that for any porosity within a given reservoir rock, permeability can vary by several orders of magnitude indicating the existence of several flow units. This study is set to use a theoretical methodology in the identification and characterization of hydraulic units within a geological unit (facies) through the integration of core data analysis and well log data analysis. The technique is based on the modified Kozeny-Carmen equation and the concept of hydraulic mean radius. The study documents the theoretical development of proposed technique, validates and characterizes the hydraulic units and present predicted versus actual permeability data to demonstrate the usefulness of the technique.

Section 135 of Indian Companies Act, 2013 made Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) mandatory for a certain category of companies in India on the basis of financial performance for last three years. Among different models of CSR Carroll’s model is mthe most referred one. Carroll’s pyramid of CSR has both reflected, and helped in prioritizing economic responsibilities as the most prior than the rest three responsibilities i.e. political, ethical and philanthropic responsibilities.  This paper argues that the conception of CSR as per Carroll is not a universal principle, and it changes as per different dynamics of the country. Hence the structure of the pyramid in India is different from the original model. To conclude the same the researchers in this paper explore the structure of CSR pyramid by doing an empirical analysis of the corporate houses in India. The researchers have done primary survey and analysis of 50 corporate responses in India.  Based on the empirical research and conceptual arguments, we tried to present the revised CSR pyramid which proposes an alternation in Order of responsibilities in a pyramid. The modified pyramid ranked in a hierarchy from bottom to top as follows: legal, ethical, economic and philanthropic

The OVOP Movement started in 1979 at Oita prefecture of Japan became one of the successful regional economic programmes across the globe. This is mostly based on transforming indigenous local products in to a global competitive product for improving the welfare of rural people, village economic dynamism, local income, and social solidarity. The extensive OVOP has a capacity to become a Geographical Indicator (G.I). It is a fundamental research mainly concern with generalization of public perception towards the OPOP program in India. The target population of this study was the farmers from rural area.  A total of 100 positive responses were collected from different villages of a Panchayat. A simple random sampling procedure was adopted to collect the information from the farmers. The questionnaire was of dichotomous type, where the respondents has to answer in either Yes or No. The Primary data was collected by the researcher and his students in rural villages. Data were collected on demographic characteristics by an interview schedule. Randomly the farmers were visited and interviewed personally. The Secondary data and other relevant information were collected from journals, publications, annual reports, books and online sources. Data collected were processed using SPSS and Statistical packages. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square Test, t – test were employed to analyze the data.

Front fender design of three wheeler vehicle is very important with the focus on an improvement aspect in the automotive industry. The goals are to increase the performance and to find the solution to reduce the cost of the fender because of the amount of material used, hence able to reduce the production cost. In this paper Finite element models of the front fender of three wheeler vehicle were analysed, using linear and nonlinear finite element analyses in CAE software.

 The study is focused on a simulation of low velocity impact by a moving object is carried on Existing & Optimized design of front fender mudguard of three wheeler will be tested by using the explicit nonlinear finite element code LS-DYNA solver for Energy absorption capability, Deflection, and stress distribution. Results of optimized front fender are compared against existing design of front fender for better and safe design utilization.

The world oil industry has been plagued by the challenges of shale instability that arise during and after drilling. This challenge (shale instability) has been directly connected to several hole problems and indirectly linked to an enormous yearly expenditure for the industry. According to Yu et al., 2002; Zeynali, 2012, it is estimated that in terms of monetary value, the petroleum industry losses up to one billion ($1Billion) US dollars due to the problem of instability of shale. Also the lost time due to this challenge account for over 40% of all drilling related non-productive time (Zhang et al, 2009) and these instabilities are also responsible for 10-20% of the total drilling cost. Despite the study of shale stability for several years, it is still a critical challenge in the oil industry and even in other industries, notably the mining and construction industries. A solution through this challenge is very critical to sustaining the investment made by companies in the oil industry. Such solution must include the evaluation of shale properties and directed in a manner that will drastically reduce drilling cost, completion and workover cost, and also the accompanying downtime.

It has been noted that shale makes up to 75 percent of all drilled formations worldwide and that over 90% of the instability challenges occur in shale formations (Steiger and Leung, 1992; Dzialowski et al, 1993). It is therefore an interesting proposition to study the properties of these shale formations that makes it prone to instabilities. Shales have been generally defined as sedimentary rocks with small pore radii, low permeability, medium to high clay content, and manageable porosity (Zhang, 2005). They also contain some minerals including calcite, feldspar and quartz (Osisanya, 1991). According to Manohar (1999), the distinguishing features of shale are its clays and low permeability, resulting in poor inter-connection through its characteristic narrow pore throats (pore throat diameters are within 3nm to 10nm). Shales are porous and normally saturated with formation water. Its properties are usually affected by several factors including burial depth, the amount and type of pore water, water activity, the amount and type of minerals present in them (Alizadeh, 2011; Joel, et al. 2012). These special characteristics make them likely to be affected by different phenomena including swelling, shrinkage, hydration and mechanical failure.

Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) is one of the world’s worst invasive aquatic plants which often found covered rivers and ponds surface. Recent studies show the feasibility of water hyacinth as a sorbent for oil spill clean-up. Compare to the leaf and the root, the stem of water hyacinth has the highest oil sorption capacity and buoyancy, even though with the smallest surface area. Increasing its surface area may result in higher sorption capacity. The active surface area can be potentially increased either by physically, chemically treatment or both which resulted in higher sorption capacity. The objective of this work is to increase the surface area of water hyacinth’s stem in 3% of HCl and investigate the treated stem’s characteristics and sorption capacity towards diesel, gasoline, toluene, and hexane. The dried powdered stems were sieved to a particle size of 63 µm. The surface area of powdered water hyacinth’s stem become larger up to 56% compare to the raw sorbent. This is due to the presence of micro pores resulted from the removal of exchangeable ions. Surface morphology image shows hollow stem structure that provides more active binding site maximize the oil entrapment. The change in sorbent characteristics affected to the increases in sorption capacity towards diesel, gasoline, toluene, and hexane of 10.23, 8.98, 10.30 and 6.67 g/g in dry system. Consistent absorption capacity was found in the wet system with 3.5% salinity.

Mobility is important and undeniable currently having view new portable devices that have captured the market and the need connectivity further to the Internet.Mobility support in IP networks is a topic that has received considerable attention. Mobil IP is one of the dominating protocols which provides the support of mobility in the internet.In this paper,  we go will through  the characteristics of Mobile IP, the protocol overview, then proceed to brief current developments namely (Mobile IPv4 and  Mobile IPv6),   the issues, and advantages with Mobile IP.Discussed few of the challenges that are faced by the Mobile IP and solutions have been proposed for a successful deployment of Mobile IP in the future.