The third world war will be for water is said by researchers. The long-term development of the global water situation is closely connected to the growth of the world population and global climate change. Constant growth of the world’s population, which is forecasted to be nearly doubled from 3.4 billion in 2009 to 6.3 billion people in 2050, is attended by a predicted needed growth of agriculture production of 70%, by 2050. Currently, 64 billion cubic meters of fresh water are progressively consumed each year.  A group of leading climate impact researchers have shown that climate change possibly exacerbates the regional and global water scarcity. They predict that global warming of 2°C above present temperatures will confront an additional approximately 15% of the global population with a severe decrease in water resources and will increase the number of people living under absolute water scarcity (<500 m³ per capita per year) by at least another 40% compared with the effect of population growth alone. The adaptation of highly advanced nanotechnology to traditional process engineering offers new opportunities for development of advanced water and wastewater technology processes. Here, an overview of recent advances in nanotechnologies for water and wastewater processes is provided, including nanobased materials, processes, and their applications. Besides the promising technological enhancements, the limitations of nanotechnology for water applications, such as laws and regulations as well as potential health risks, are reported.

The present study describes the elemental composition of essential and traces contents of two organs of Pistacia lentiscus L. plants. The samples were collected from plants growing wild in the Tiaret region of Western Algeria. In this work, we focus to analyze red fruits and leaves extracted from the plants by k₀-based on neutron activation analysis technique in our laboratory, the samples were prepared including drying, crushing, sifting and homogenizing before the irradiation step. The samples were introduced in the pure aluminum capsule for irradiation during 3 hours in the experimental channel at Es-Salam research reactor.  In the irradiation position, the neutron flux parameters a = 0.027, f = 28.8 and F_th = 3.7610¹³ (n/cm².s) were determined experimentally by several techniques. Twenty one elements were measured for both samples. Essential elements such as Ca, K, Fe, Na and Zn were found relatively higher in the red fruits than in the leaves except for calcium and iron. In the other hand, almost of the concentration values of trace elements are comparable in red fruits and leaves. For this study, the concept (QC/QA) is considered to evaluate the accuracy of the method. It was established by analyzing certified reference materials representing leaves matrix. Two CRMs NIST 1573a tomato leaves and GSV4 tea leaves were analyzed simultaneously with the samples. Three statistical parameters Z-score, U-score and bias were determined and discussed.

Now a days it is very important to achieve a high speed data transfer and high throughput. A very efficient way to achieve the same is the usage of PCI bus technology. It has been proven that it is a plug and play for the hosts using it. It requires no additional protocols or data integrity as necessary in other protocols. In this paper we have proposed a high density field- programmable gate array (FPGA) based architecture using PCI bus interface for high speed data transfer from the dram for usage of BIG data analytic. The design is incorporated with programmable PCI master core which act as an interface between PCI bus and the internal logic design of FPGA. It also comprises of local FIFO for synchronization. A complete FPGA design has been developed in order to interface FIFO and PCI core. The paper is organized is a way which first give the basic idea and over view of PCI IP core usage and its importance followed by design and logic for developing communication with the bus. Finally the results display the way functionality was achieved and design efficiency is compared with the others.

Korean TV drama series have reached a wide range of Asian audiences and have become a beloved regional media form, including Malaysian audiences. As consequences, Malaysian viewers are prone to Korean dramas compared to other Asian dramas. The purpose of this study is to explore the Korean drama in attracting Malaysian audiences. Why Korean drama is so popular in Malaysia. What is the factor that influence Malaysian viewer. Korean believes in culture and human touch. Korean television drama has its own approaches which is fresh and unique without so much influence from Western, Japanese or China. Korean shows a comfortable daily life drama which focusing on family value, love and a small violence that presented in interesting way which is different from western drama. This is something impressive as Korean dramas do not imitate any other dramas of certain countries instead they try to create dramas that close to humans life and self-explanatory. The Korean drama is using their cultural values excitement as a weapon to demonstrate and influence the audience interest.

As a successor of World Bank’s sponsored Walled City Lahore Project, the Walled City Lahore Authority (WCLA) came into being with the passing of the Walled City Lahore Authority Act, 2012 by the Government of Punjab. Being an autonomous and dedicated body, it is mandated to run the functions of the entire Walled City Lahore with the help of Government of Punjab, World Bank, Agha Khan Cultural Program, Norwegian Embassy and other international donors and partners. The WCLA has carried out a tremendous job for restoration of Dehli Gate and adjoining areas, Shahi Hammam and Wazir Khan Mosques and has established a need for cultural preservation. Development of tourism enhancing products like Riksha Service, Khaba Ustad, Tourist Bus Service and guided tours of the WCL have positively contributed towards tourism promotion. Many other similar projects are still in the pipeline. Being a nascent organization, the WCLA is facing sustainability challenges (financial, institutional and operational), coordination hurdles (tussles amongst the departments over resources and jurisdiction), setting right the market strategies, addressing mistrust of the stakeholders and converting cultural preservation, restoration and urban improvements into phenomenal tourism business opportunity for the residents of the Walled City. The success of the WCLA lies in making itself sustainable and replicable model by improving the framework about implementation of building codes and land zoning, targeting international tourist market to capture maximum boon for Pakistan, providing livelihood to the vulnerable or displaced strata concentrated in the Walled City of Lahore. Having said this, it is also important to formulate an overarching national conservation and tourism policy which is bound to serve as a beacon for managers of the Walled City to make it best international tourist destination.

Dairy industry is known to be one of the most developing industries in India and around the world. For this farmers and consumers play an important role and the link to connect them today is instant messengers as they are cheap, feasible, user friendly and easy to learn. In this review we have discussed how some of the instant messengers have developed and how it is used by dairy farmers and industries. Also we have discussed how these instant messengers are helpful for the consumer in satisfying their demand and expectations for the product of a particular brand.

A bank connects customers that have capital deficits to customers with capital surpluses. Customer is the kingpin for the development of trade, industry and service sector particularly in financial services. So, the significance of customer service in the banking sector came to force to compete in a market driven environment. Measuring service quality in the service sector particularly in the banking sector is more difficult than measuring the quality of manufactured goods. The concept of customer satisfaction and service quality is interrelated with each other.

Respondents of the study are the customers of banks of Ahmedabad. 200 respondents were surveyed using structured questionnaire. This paper reveals the findings that service quality is an important parameter that leads to customer satisfaction. 

E-commerce transactions are faceless and potential customers are unable to touch and feel a product before making the decision to purchase or otherwise. Consumers have to trust the information that they get from the e-commerce website and the credibility of the vendor. Trust, therefore is an important factor in the success of an e-commerce company. In this paper we describe our study and findings on the security factors that influence the trust of potential customers. We ranked the security elements that induce trust and examined their relationship with their demographic factors.

The basic requirement of the digital information and communication system is the error control coding.  The errors are introduced into the digital data due to the transmission of data via a communication channel. Error correction coding is the process of correcting the errors based upon received data. Error correcting codes find application in the fields of digital data communications and memory system design.

 In this project the BCH (Bose, Chaudhuri, and Hocquenghem) code is being implemented using a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). BCH encoder and decoder are being designed and simulated using Altera Quartus and implemented in a FPGA. In this implementation, 5 bits of random error is corrected for the code of length 255.

There are a number of heat transfer enhancement techniques to enhance the rate of heat transfer without affecting much the overall performance of the system. Those techniques are broadly classified into active and passive techniques. Passive techniques are the methods used to enhance heat transfer rate without the use of external power. Inserts, Extended surface, Surface modifications, Use of additives are the generally used passive methods. Inserts refers to the additional arrangement made inside the tube which act as an obstacle for the fluid flow. A lot of research work has been carried out in this field by adopting different shapes of inserts. Most of them have shown there can be a remarkable increment in heat transfer. Among those researches most of them have mainly concentrated on keeping inserts in the heating part of the heat exchanger. In present work the concentration is made in the heat exchanger part where cooling of working fluid takes place. Wire coil inserts are fitted on both sides of the inner tube of concentric tube heat exchanger and the enhancement in the heat transfer rate is analyzed

The overall performance of solar cell varies with irradiance and temperature with change in the time of day power received from the sun by the solar panel changes .this both irradiance and temperature affects the solar cell efficiency. This, paper presents Fuzzy Logic conventional Incremental Conductance (IC) for Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT). This MPPT method operates best performance beater then the conventional Incremental Conductance MPPT techniques mainly under changing the weather changing conditions. The output results of the simulation fuzzy logic based  Incremental conductance MPPT technique controller provides the faster response to the Maximum Power Point and low oscillation to the MPPT compare to Conventional incremental conductance MPPT technique under the changing weather conditions(solar radiation, temperature). Compare to other MPPT techniques Fuzzy Logic based MPPT controller is superior and to get MAXIMUM POWER at lesser time.

In todays ubiquitous world, mobile phones get an important place in people life, without which they feel handicapped or uncomfortable. When an application is installed on the user’s device that is prone to a vulnerability of the device as well as application files. Information flow using mobile devices are also not in encrypted for most of the time. Because of this reason, Security is more important to user as well as to the application developer. Mobile application security, the process to verify vulnerabilities issues, is the main concern in the development of mobile application. In this paper, we propose the framework to test and verify mobile application, to be acted as an attacker, to prevent the application and user details to be misused. We suggested combining the approach of model based and fuzzing testing approach to find the security defects and threats from the developer and third party verification of user identification.

It has been quite hard to answer the consumers needs due to the innovations and the variation of choices in markets today. The purpose of this research was to determine the preferred attitudes of a notebook to identify the consumer’s needs in Bosnia. The data is obtained from the survey of Bosnian consumers from 17 to 48 ages working, nonworking or student groups by the method  of simple random sampling. A card list is prepared for 20 notebooks. The conjoint analysis was conducted to Bosnian consumers who ranked their preferences from cardlist prepared as an orthogonal design. The results showed that on the desired notebook, the effect of demographics influences the choice as well as the effect of notebook attributes.

The main purpose of the current study is to investigate the influence of exposure duration (ED) of clothing color on aesthetic judgments. In this study, clothing pictures with four contrasts of color combinations (45 °, 90 °, 135 ° and 180 ° in hue interval) served as stimuli and were evaluated at three EDs (50ms, 200ms and 1000ms) by 48 participants in a behavioral experiment. The results confirm previous findings that the higher contrast of color combinations is less attractive. The ED hardly impacts on the aesthetic scores, while it influences significantly on the difficulty of aesthetic judgments, the shorter the ED, the harder to perform aesthetic task. The results also indicate that the aesthetic cognitive process of clothing colors is immediate and consistent.

Applied Information and Communication Technology Model for Distance Learning in collaborative program in State University of Makassar is as diffusion and innovation lecture to address the problems of distance and time in lectures. This research aims to know the effectivity of model applied ICT-ODL based on the domain used in learning process. It also analyzes the needs, the input characteristics of students in distance learning in State University of Makassar. The subject of this study are the students of State University of Makassar from three study groups which are located outside of the city (Bone, Pare-pare and Samarinda).  The result of this research shows that (1) the percentage of the availability of tools that are used as a whole: 87% laptop/ computer, 27% internet connection, 90% of electrical power, and 37% telephone network, (2) transmission devices owned by lecturers: 92% modems, mobile phones 97%, (3) transmission devices owned by students: 83% modems, mobile phones 97% and (4) domain application used by students and lecturers: 87% e-mail, 62% Facebook, 12.5% Yahoo Messenger, and 23.3% blog. The results of this study indicate that the use of ICT in distance learning is still low.

This paper presents a fuzzy controlled bridgeless-single ended primary inductance converter (BL-SEPIC) fed four switch three phase (FSTP) brushless DC (BLDC) motor drive for low power household applications. Bridgeless configuration offers lower conduction losses due to the elimination of diode bridge rectifier (DBR) at the front end. Other merits of bridgeless PFC topology are: less component counts, simple structure, electrical isolation, and simple control circuitry. Fuzzy logic control has been implemented for converter switching control. The BLDC motor is excited by a Four Switch Three Phase Inverter with minimum number of switches which in turn reduce the associated switching losses. It results in low electromagnetic interference, less complexity of control. The speed of the BLDC motor is controlled by adjusting the DC link voltage of the VSI feeding a BLDC motor. The VSI feeding BLDC motor is used for achieving an electronic commutation of the BLDC motor and operates in a low frequency switching for reduced switching losses in it. The entire control concept has been implemented using MATLAB/ Simulink model.

In this work nano crystalline YFeO3 powders  were prepared by solution combustion process using yttrium nitrate hexahydrate Y(NO3)3.6H2O), ferric nitrate nonahydrate (Fe(NO3)3.9H2O) as oxidizers,  glycine  (H2NCH2C00H) as fuel.  The effect  of  fuel to oxidizer ratio (F/O) on YFeO3 phase formation was investigated.  The prepared samples  were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD)  for phase analysis.  The experimental results revealed that the formation of pure crystalline phase of yttrium ferrite  was confirmed for fuel rich samples with crystallite size 30-45 nm and fuel lean samples show amorphous phase when comparing the obtained peaks of XRD pattern with the peaks of standard XRD pattern of JCPDS card number 39-1489

We develop a novel technique for resizable Hadoop clusters lower bounds, the template matching rectangular array of bloom filtering expressions. Specifically, fix an arbitrary hybrid kernel function  and let  be the rectangular array of bloom filtering expressions whose columns are each an application of  to some subset of the variables . We prove that  has bounded-capacity resizable Hadoop cluster’s complexity , where  is the approximate degree of . This finding remains valid in the MapReduce programming model, regardless of prior measurement. In particular, it gives a new and simple proof of lower bounds for robustness and other symmetric conjunctive predicates. We further characterize the discrepancy, approximate PageRank, and approximate trace distance norm of  in terms of well-studied analytic properties of , broadly generalizing several findings on small-bias resizable Hadoop cluster and agnostic inference. The method of this paper has also enabled important progress in multi-cloud resizable Hadoop cluster’s complexity.

Fading is one of the important propagation characteristic that affects line-of-sight (LOS) radio link performance. This paper presents trend of seasonal propagation fading observed in mid  Low Super High Frequency (SHF), LOS radio link stationed in Indian semi-desert terrain. The received signal level of LOS radio link was recorded on hourly basis for one complete seasonal cycle to observe the seasonal propagation fading. The result shows that LOS radio links are prone to fading during summer and monsoon seasons in Indian semi-desert region

Concrete is a mixture of cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate and water. Concrete plays a vital role in the development of infrastructure Viz., buildings, industrial structures, bridges and highways etc. leading to utilization of large quantity of concrete. On the other side, cost of concrete is attributed to the cost of its ingredients which is scarce and expensive, this leading to usage of economically alternative materials in its production. This requirement is drawn the attention of investigators to explore new replacements of ingredients of concrete. The present technical report focuses on investigating characteristics of concrete with partial replacement of cement with Ground Granulated Blast furnace Slag (GGBS). The topic deals with the usage of GGBS and advantages as well as disadvantages in using it in concrete. This usage of GGBS serves as replacement to already depleting conventional building materials and the recent years and also as being a by product it serves as an Eco Friendly way of utilizing the product without dumping it on ground.