Significant risks for human health may results from exposure to non pathogenic  toxic  contaminants that  are  often  globally  ubiquitous  in  waters  from  which drinking water is derived to measure the Boron,, concentration in water samples in Dhi-Qar governorate in Iraq. The measurements were performed by analyzing the  water  samples  collected from  45 location  using Carmine method.The Boron concentra- tions which  is obtained ranged from 0.25151 ppm  in Al-Fhued-al-amaira (1) to 1.05782 ppm  in AL- Garma - Center (1) in water samples. The results are presented and compared with other studies. The results could be utilized to make distinctive suppleme- ntary contributions when contamination event occurs and to implement water quality standards by concerned authorities to maintain radioactive contamination-free drinking water supplies for the people. The study further reveals that 45 surface water samples have boron below detection limit. The presence of boron in drinking water sources in this territory is of of natural origin. Thus, there is possibility of severe pollution problem with boron in near future.

Bandpass filters play a significant role in wireless communication systems. Transmitted and received signals have to be filtered at a certain center frequency with a specific bandwidth. This paper proposes an efficient technique to design a destructive ground structure (DGS) based microstrip bandpass filter. A dumbbell shaped DGS is used to design a microstrip bandpass filter. Here, a chebyshev type of bandpass filter is designed first and then by DGS the losses occurred in the gain will be minimized resulting in the miniaturizing the structure of bandpass filter. Furthermore, the extraction method of equivalent circuit parameters has also been derived. Demonstrating several simulations and comparisons on DGS circuits shows the validity of the proposed equivalent circuit model and modeling method. Also, by employing the proposed equivalent circuit of DGS, a harmonic rejection band pass filter is optimized. Simulation results for an optimized DGS based band pass filter for pass band from 5 GHz to 7 GHz are demonstrated. The simulation results agree with the theoretical ones.

single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) holds extremely good electrical and mechanical properties in conjugation to their application in sub nanometer regime and a viable replacement to Cu interconnects. This indeed raises a need to realize their characteristic impedance and the analysis of their transient behavior under different mismatch conditions to optimize the performance of total circuitry. The paper intends to overview the safe amount of load mismatch tolerated by SWCNT bundles with configuration of varying lengths and diameters without any signal reliability issues.

The vector space of the tensors  of type (0,3) having the same symmetries as the covariant derivative of the fundamental form of an almost r-contact metric manifold is considered. A scheme of decomposition of  into orthogonal components which are invariant under the action of  is given . Using this decomposition there are found 12 natural basic classes of almost r-contact metric manifolds. The classes of cosymplectic, Sasakian, Kenmotsu, etc. manifolds fit nicely to these considerations. On the other hand , many new interesting classes of almost r-contact metric manifolds arise

Efficient use of the demolished concrete would reduce the costs and definitely lead to conservation of the invaluable non-renewable sources of energy and hence must be given due importance. The demolished concrete could be used as aggregate for concrete resulting in large consumption of the material. Recycling is the act of processing the used material for use in creating new product. The usage of natural aggregate is getting more and more intense with the development in infrastructure area. In order to reduce the usage of natural aggregate, recycled aggregate can be used as the replacement materials. Recycled aggregate comprise of crushed, graded inorganic particles obtained from the materials that have been used in the constructions and demolition debris. These materials are generally from buildings, roads, bridges, and sometimes even from catastrophes, such as wars and earthquakes. This study involves the experimental investigation of effect of fly ash and rice husk ash on the properties of burnt clay bricks. Determine the properties of the bricks casted with varying proportions of admixtures is taken into consideration whether the admixtures can be used for the production of clay bricks. On seeing the present day demand for bricks, an attempt is made to study the behavior of bricks manufactured using, different waste materials like rice husk ash and fly ash. The main aim of this work was to compare the compressive strength of the bricks. The bricks were made, sun dried and burnt in a kiln, and then with the help of Compression Testing Machine (C.T.M.) finely their compressive strength was calculated. From this test in this research work it was concluded that the bricks with fly ash as the waste material admixture, gave the highest compressive strength.

Two basic mixes were chosen for natural sand to achieve M 20 and M 30 Grade concrete. The equivalent mixes were obtained by replacing natural sand by stone dust partially and fully. Test results indicate that crushed stone dust waste can be used effectively to replace natural sand in concrete. Concrete made with this replacement can attain the same compressive strength, comparable tensile strength, modulus of rupture and lower degree of shrinkage as the control concrete.

.In the experimental study stone dust, the cubes were tested for 7days and 28days compressive strength 0%, 20%, 50% and 100% replacement of fine aggregate by stone dust in M25 and M30 grade concrete. The 7 days 28 days compressive strength is shown in tables 4.2 to 4.3and 4.6 to 4.7 respectively. The 7 days and28 days flexural strength beams obtained by replacing 0%, 20%, 50%, and 100% fine aggregate with stone dust is shown in tables 4.4 to 4.5 and 4.8 to 4.9 respectively. The result of cylinders that were tested for 28 days is shown tables 4.10 to 4.11.It has been observed that the result obtained in all compressive, flexural and spilt tensile strength are comparable with that of concrete with stone dust.

MANETs are the networks having array of nodes such that the functionality of each node is independent of the infrastructure and are still a part of the whole network. Need of security is growing with the advancements of MANETs because MANETs may interact with hostile environment. Due to this interaction there may be some DoS attacks on the data sent by us. Jamming comes under DoS attacks. In these attacks, the desired data is banned from being received at the receiver such that various effects on the desired communication are obtained that are undesirable for smooth communication. So we need to secure our data from such attacks. But this security of MANETs is difficult due to various computing constraints and inherent resources. So we have shown the effects of jamming on parameters (Energy, Routing overhead, No. of hops travelled, throughput and packet loss) associated with MANETs

This project gives the systematic procedure of the modeling and simulation of a Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) for power quality problem, voltage sag based on Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) technique. This problem is reduced by using custom power devices. The control of the Voltage Source Converter (VSC) is done with the help of PWM.  The proposed DVR is modeled and simulated by using MATLAB/Simulink environment.

The Deep Drawing Process in sheet metal Processing, has wide scope for producing cup shaped components for various applications such as fuel tanks of vehicles, fan cowls, side panels of two wheeler vehicles etc. In Deep Drawing Process the raw material is pressed with the Punch & Die assembly to produce the final shape. The raw material in this case is called as ‘Blank’. At present the ‘Blank’ size required for particular components is calculated by formulas available in books. This paper describes the Automatic Blank size calculation by customizing the CAD package for CYLINDRICAL parts to avoid repetitive, time consuming tasks. The research uses the Moment Area Method for calculation of Blank size. The CAD package used here is Unigraphics(NX) & VB.NET API is used to customize the NX. The Program is tested on a cylindrical component as an illustration.

the aim of this study is to examine and analyze the determinants of total factor productivity in Algeria during the period 1980-2011.Using the standard form of self-regression model with periods of delay spread ‘’ARDL’’. The study concluded, into this results like the importance of the effect of wages, exports and real exchange rate on productivity of the College where the contribution of this moral factors, consistent with economic theory where each wage has a positive impact on overall productivity growth either real exchange rate impact it negatively because of the existence of an inverse relationship with total productivity.

Polarization Interleaving technique has many advantages such as excellent SNR performance, freedom from interference of continuous channels of wavelength multiplexed channels etc and proves to be a good choice for it's applications in WDM-FSO system employing polarization Interleaving(PI). This paper investigates the performance of WDM-FSO-PI system under the effect of atmospheric turbulences in comparison to WDM-FSO which does not employ the technique of polarization Interleaving.  In this work 128Gbps data is sent through 16 channels each of capacity 8Gbps and is transmitted over free space optical link. Performance analysis is done in terms of SNR, power and eye diagrams.

This paper reports a novel idea of  metallurgical  characterization of electron beam welded Copper-Chromium-Zirconium (CRZ) with stainless steel (SS) 316L by using Ni as an intermediate. EBW weldment was placed through a series of tests, and characterization includes; material composition (macroscopic and microscopic) and hardness survey on different test specimens. Prior to welding, CRZ material was solution annealed at 980°C for 15 min. After welding, the material was placed through a conventional post weld heat treatment cycle; i.e aging at 460–480°C for 4.5 hr.Macro and micro-analysis of the EBW weldments exhibited a columnar grain microstructure with the exception of a reduced Heat Affected Zone (HAZ), and less distortion weld. Mechanical hardness properties were evaluated at various metallographic locations, including the substrate, HAZ, and weld filler material.

The Research topic is “Design of a Flexible Pavement with Cemented Base and Cemented Sub Base” consists of designing a flexible pavement using latest IRC recommendation given in IRC: 37-2012. The study aims at reducing the thickness of the pavement and provide economical design with cemented base and cemented sub base. The cemented base and cemented sub-base is an important layer in the pavement structure. It mainly acts as a structural layer helping to spread the wheel loads so that the sub grade is not overstressed. It also plays a useful role as a separation layer between the surface and sub grade and provides a good working platform on which the other paving material can be laid and compacted. It can also act as a drainage layer. The selection of material and the design of the cemented base and cemented sub-base will depend upon the particular design function of the layer and also the expected in-situ moisture conditions.

.In place of conventional layers of GSB and WBM/WMM in sub-base and base course of the pavement, cement treated base and cement treated sub-base layers can also be provided. A crack relief layer of wet mix macadam of thickness 100 mm sandwiched between the bituminous layer and treated layer is much more effective in arresting the propagation of cracks from the cementitious base to the bituminous layer. The aggregate layer becomes stiffer under heavier loads because of high confining pressure. If there is shoving and deformation in the unbound layer caused by the construction traffic, the granular layer may be treated with 1 to 2 percent bitumen emulsion of grade MS to avoid reshaping.