Abstract : This paper presents a computer program written with visual basic that is capable of handling any n x n eigenvalue matrix problem that uses lump mass matrix. The program outputs the characteristic polynomial and eigenvalues of any n x n matrix eigenvalue problem. The program is written base on the application of Householder’s technique and Newton-Raphson iteration technique. Householder’s technique was used to generate the characteristics polynomial of an eigenvalue problem while the eigenvalues of the characteristics equation are generated using Newton-Raphson’s procedure .The effectiveness of this method was demonstrated by comparing the eigenvalues and the characteristics polynomial obtained in the present study with existing eigenvalues obtained from previous works.

Abstract : In this paper the demand controlled ventilation for systems serving multiple zones has been analyzed and the result for the effective DCV is discussed. The study is undertaken on HVAC systems for the construction of Eco House, Higher college of Technology, Sultanate of Oman. The main theme of this paper is to identify the problems with CO2 sensors for systems serving multiple zones having variable occupancies. In conventional systems the CO2 sensors will be used to find the CO2 concentrations, and depending upon the concentrations the OA will be varied. This system may not meet the actual demand at each zone. This paper summarizes the analysis of demand controlled ventilation for HVAC systems serving schools and the results are discussed. Carbon Dioxide (CO2 ) based demand controlled ventilation (DCV) is an economical means of providing outdoor air to occupied spaces at the rates required by local building codes and ASHRAE Standard 62, “Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality.” CO2 -based DCV offers designers and building owners an ability to monitor both occupancy and ventilation rates in a space to ensure there is adequate ventilation at all times.

Abstract : The majority of approaches to information mining focus on to improve information retrieves system performance. The main methodology underlying these approaches is to make approximate matches between query and documents in terms of recall level and ranking. Generally speaking, there are few approaches that have already been induced in modern search engines and crawlers. The purpose of this paper is to review the existing approaches of association rule mining, clustering and information retrieval based on rough set, fuzzy set and ontology that have been used to increase the effectiveness of information mining system.

Abstract : Solar cell antenna is a combination of Solar cell and Microstrip antenna. SOLAN design is mainly used in autonomous property for transceiver. RF and Optic are the two intelligence components used to design the SOLAN. It generates DC power supply when light falls on the surface of AgHT-8 and penetrates towards the solar cell. Similarly EM wave falls on the surface of AgHT-8 and produce RF signal. By using SOLAN we can calculate reflection co- efficient, gain and power for different shapes, size and design when compared with existing AgHT-4 and ITO.

Abstract : Bahà-I-Walad was an innovative Gnostic whose ideas circumvent the beatific visions with a unique apprehension. His divine eagerness and devotion is manifested in his Gnostic book through his delicate discourse overflowed with color, taste and light. His interlocution is allocated with an apprehension of divine unity using an outstanding taste and tone. He uses such amorous allegories and metaphors usual between lovers to disclose his respect to the dignity and status of women. He considers the worldly love between a spouse and wife as divine and courtly simulating that typical tone in his interlocutions to disclose his divine love. This methodology that was rather divine and spiritual led to the emergence of many Gnostic and scholarly women.

Abstract : This issue of caste is of seminal importance in a society where it is a matter of psychological identity for functional distributive reward structure despite the inequities it breeds and the insensitivities perpetrated in the name of human progress. Individual progress becomes a clarion call only for the elites and the haves and the rest are deemed inefficient and disabled. Such a society must necessarily be functionally and structurally corrupt without any way out for individual, minority and collective redemption. Unfortunately, caste means lower caste and they are in a majority. So, economic growth indicators hide distributive injustice. However even if we concede that poverty is falling and that economic liberalization and globalization, land reforms, industrialization and education has helped mitigate caste inequalities, progress has been slow and humiliating. This entails a reaction and thus the psychological identity and status structure gets inbuilt into the system. Reward and penalty structure breed further conflicts and strengthens overreaction generating mass movements. Such movements breeds counter movements and isolationism and erodes cooperative impulses needed for national and universal consciousness. Census is an instrument for constant and recurring social transformations to fulfill the objectives of the Constitution. However, the Indian Constitution does not talk of caste but of class consciousness that is supposed to be secular, objective and measurable. Caste is multidimensional, often tracing esoteric and unidentifiable origins and made to relate to religious aspirations of people. Deservingness of humans is attributed to gods and god fathers and so caste persists in some form or other in sub-systemic envelopes for a further super-systemic aggregation for identity formation and group conflict. It is feared that census will showcase classification and lend a stamp of permanency to perceived and attributed caste identities. It is also feared that caste will bring in alternative alignments across political parties over the entire Indian landscape thus making political party based politics redundant, treacherous and explosive. It is this above problematic that make for a search of an alternative paradigm imperative: a paradigm of voluntary transformation based on transparent disclosures. Every individual and social group will on its own accord give to itself identities and justify change. False claims will be tested and penalized as it serves a social purpose. The methodology has a dual character: normative individualism of Rawls and transcendental institutionalism of Sen. The former justifies the inner and latter the outer. The second pillar of Sen’s approach in his theory of Justice, that is, social realization, does not need a comparative approach and is neutral in its binary relational structures. So while Census enumerates various demographic and ethnographic details, its informational structure is subject to an interactive medium for informational focus. The process is to be overseen by a Census Commissionerate with a technological interface with possibility of uploading and revising information returned by stakeholders in the system. Any change of information has to be queried periodically by regional branches of the Commissionerate and action taken on false information to comply with citizen legitimacy. This alternative information structure is interactive and has other supportive structures like classificatory income sources, HH size, historical consumption profiles, endowments, reputation as a public good (leadership profiles), gender profiles, dependents, children’s educational status. Criteria can be worked out to measure (horizontal and vertical) mobility and acquisitions regionally, socially and economically. While this will help focus on possible inequities based on achievement profiles, transparency disclosures provide a sense of involvement and commitment for future progress. It also shows the nature of group movements and alignments based on reward structures and potentials of progress. Corruption is endemic to the system and human character is subject to experiments and change. Normative idealism provides a witness for progress based on voluntary disclosures. If the latter is lacking then there is need for retrieval of information and so possibility of high transaction costs. It is mutual interaction between the state and the individual that is the cornerstone of this technology interface for affirmative action. This is an alternative approach to information sharing in the sense that it is client or agent based not principal based.

Abstract : Knowledge about vegetation communities and survey of affecting factors on their behavior would allow choosing the best strategy for the moderate of them. In this research, we are looking to find relationships between plant species and their correlations with environmental and management methods. Investigations in 9 hills of Khalatposhan-Tabriz rangelands and data analyses with principal component analysis (PCA) and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) showed relationships between weeds and rangelands species each other, with altitude, geographical direction, and woody and non-woody of sampling areas. Achillea tenuifolia, Alyssum dasycarpum, and Salvia nemerosa were found in all sampling units, whereas Lepidium perfoliatum, Medicago sativa and Taeniatherum crinitum. were only found in the first hill, due to its high altitude and other differential parameters. A CCA ordination showed that altitude and geographical direction had the highest and lowest effect on species composition, respectively. So that maximum richness was observed in the first hill. Capsella bursa-pastoris, Centaurea virgata, Dianthus crinitus and Hordeum spontaneum had a special correlation to woody hills, but Bromus tectrom, Euphorbia Szovitsii and Salvia nemorosa had not special attachment to certain conditions.

Abstract : Geopolymer concrete is an innovative method and is produced by complete elimination of ordinary Portland cement by-produced in fly ash. This study on different condition of curing in geopolymer concrete suitable for curing at ambient and heat-cured condition of temperature will widen its application to concrete structures. Low lime fly ash is used as the base material, which is reacted by alkaline solution and additional use of ground granulated blast furnace slag. Workability of fresh concrete and compressive strength of geopolymer concrete was investigated. The curing effect of geopolymer concrete is steam, hot air and ambient cubes specimens are tested in different days. Results are compared for various curing and strength of concrete.

Abstract : The aim of undertaking this study is to explore ways for provision of effective learning and how is it dependent on exploring the learning-styles of learners. How it is essential to be known as discovery of learning-styles paves way for improved teaching and instructions. Why is it important for people to know about their learning styles and how it helps for their learning to be productive? The study at the end will tell that provision of effective learning necessitates numerous steps including identification of people’s likes and dislikes and to believe that the humans are the most complicated entity with individual differences. In a pluralistic society these differences are honored. The learning model of Honey and Mumford was used for this study that categorizes learners in four groups of learning styles including activists, reflectors, theorists and pragmatics. Students from colleges and Karakuram International University of Gilgit-Baltistan of Pakistan were provided these questionnaires for collection of data. Majority seemed to have favored the pragmatist approach as it balances between theory and action. Undoubtedly theory followed practical lasts a perpetual impact on the personality which is called effective learning. However, it is equally important to note that besides the centrality of the learner it also matters in learning that the kind of infrastructure is built, the physical environment provides and the richness of curriculum or material used. Strong institutional setups can surely produce learned and scholars. In the third world including Pakistan weak institutional system has also been a hindrance in effective learning.

Abstract : In this paper integration of wind power to grid introduces power quality issues, which mainly consist of voltage regulation and reactive power compensation. The most used unit to compensate for reactive power in the power systems are either synchronous condensers or shunt capacitors, the latter either with mechanical switches or with Thyristor switch, as in Static VAR Compensator (SVC). The disadvantage of using shunt Capacitor is that the reactive power supplied is proportional to the square of the voltage. To overcomes the above disadvantages; STATCOM is best suited for reactive power compensation and harmonic reduction. It is based on a controllable voltage source converter (VSC). By control of the voltage source converter output voltage in relation to the grid voltage, the voltage source converter will appear as a generator or absorber of reactive power. In this 3-phase separately excited induction generator feeding nonlinear load has been presented. A STATCOM is connected at the point of common coupling with this system in order to compensate the reactive power requirements of induction generator as well as load and also to reduce the harmonics produced by the nonlinear load. Reactive power compensation and harmonic reduction in a low voltage distribution networks for integration of wind power to the grid are the main issues. This Paper proposes a control scheme based on Fuzzy logic for compensating the reactive power requirement of a three phase grid connected wind driven induction generator as well as the harmonics produced by the non linear load connected to the PCC using STATCOM. The proposed control scheme is simulating using MATLAB/SIMULINK.

Abstract : Mobile ad-hoc network is an autonomous system of mobile nodes connected by wireless links where each node operates as an end system and a router for all other nodes in the network. These MANETs don’t require any centralized infrastructure to work like we have access point in wireless networks. This is how they find their importance in today’s world were independent systems are preferred. In this paper we have analyzed the performance of routing protocols in terms of Throughput and Packet Delivery Ratio. No hardware is used to accomplish the project. Though a network simulator, NS2 is used which College provides.

Abstract : In the Cloud System Job request scheduling is the most critical aspects in a distributed system where many request are maintain in the Queue form. This type of requests is scheduled in such way the cloud system will not get overloaded. In terms of overload a virtual machine raise the delay of the job over the system as well as raise the chances of process failure. In this proposed work, a dominant parametric scheduling mechanism is defined under two level analyses. Criticality, security and efficiency parameters are Consider in this work. In these parameters virtual machines and the user requests both are defined inside in the cloud system. In these papers work defined a multi-level load balanced scheduling mechanism. So in this paper define and categorize the work in different level. In the first level virtual machines are ordered under the capacity and criticality parameters. In the second level, the user requests are ordered under requirements of the resource and the job request time. It is based on these two parameters the cost analysis and performed on server side and client side. At next level, all virtual machines are grouped under the cost analysis so that the sharing of the load among similar kind of machines will be done. At next level, Use the cost level mapping between the server side and client side is performed to allocate the requests to particular virtual machine. So the virtual machine assigns the request and the next work is to perform the execution of the request. During the execution process, the wait time and process time analysis is performed. This analysis shows, the requests are executed in appropriate time frame and the wait time over the system is reduced.

Abstract : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between corporate governance and bankruptcy risk in accepting Companies in Tehran Stock Exchange. Hence, in this study, a sample of 55 firms was reviewed during the years 1386 to 1390. In this study, the dependent variable is the bankruptcy risk and rating models was used to calculate the Altman Z score. The independent variables in this study are the percentage of institutional investors, the percentage of investment management, non obligation of board members (board independence) and the size of the board. In this study used regression and correlation, and the results indicate that there are correlation between the independent variables of ownership, management and board members of non- mandated risk of bankruptcy.

Abstract : Nowadays, satellite images are widely used for local phenomena monitoring. Unfortunately, some striping noises are observed in these images caused by imperfect calibration of detectors, imperfect image processing in ground receiving stations, detector failure and so on which lead to reduced data quality. Thus, for any useful application of data contained in these images, noises should be removed firstly. In this paper, frequency domain Butterworth notch filter has been used for removal of periodic striping noises in satellite images. This method is simpler and of high accuracy compared to some existing methods. Therefore, it is proposed to use this method for removal of periodic striping noise in satellite images

Abstract : In recent years the amount of electricity produced from wind has grown rapidly. Offshore wind farm is currently seen as a promising solution to satisfy the growing demand for renewable energy source. The main reasons for the rapid development of offshore wind farms includes much better wind resources and smaller environmental impact. However, the current state of the offshore wind farms presents economic challenges significantly greater than onshore. The integration of offshore wind farms with the main power grid is a major issue. The possible solutions for transmitting power from wind farms are HVAC, Line commutated HVDC and voltage source based HVDC (VSC-HVDC).In this paper Low Frequency AC (LFAC) transmission system is used for interconnecting the offshore wind farms for improving the transmission capability and also the dc collecting system with series connected wind turbines are used at the offshore to reduce the cabling requirement. In this paper, simulations are performed using MATLAB to illustrate the system’s performance.

Abstract : Wetlands are one of the most threatened habitats in the world. According to the UN Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, 2005 environmental degradation is more prominent within wetland systems when compared to other natural systems of earth. The degradation is due to factors such as the process of ill planned urbanization, industrialization and encroachments. Wetlands in India, as elsewhere, are increasingly facing several anthropogenic pressures. These have led to hydrological perturbations, pollution and their effects. Unsustainable levels of grazing and fishing activities have also resulted in degradation of wetlands. The State of Tamil Nadu has a number of water bodies and wetlands and several of these are facing serious threats or are increasingly disappearing due to multifarious pressures. This is especially true for those wetlands located close to growing urban centers or bustling metropolises. Pallikaranai Marsh is one of the last few remaining natural ecosystems in the city of Chennai in the outskirts of Chennai. About 30 years ago, the Pallikaranai Wetland was spread over an area of more than 5000ha (50 km²). The present study has used Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) tools to study these changes between year 1990 and 2010.The classification of land use into seven categories is based on multi-spectral or multi-temporal remote sensing images has been the main approach for detecting wetland change. The Land use pattern for the year 1991 and 2010 respectively shows that there is significant increase in settlements and the Marsh (in Perungudi dump , K. K. Sharma, Professor and Head, Department of Applied Geology and Centre for Environmental Sciences, University of Madras, Chennai, India yard) has clearly witnessed an increase in dump area. A rapid decrease in the area of grass land indicated that human activities strengthened the disturbance of wetland. It was seen that the wetland area and grasslands decreased and the area under settlements and dump yard increased between the year 1990 to 2010 contributing to water pollution in the Marshland leading to deterioration of water quality.